[ Links ], 7. de Larrard F, Szitkar F, Hu JC and Joly M. Design of a Rheometer for fluid concrete, Special Concrete-Workability and Mixing. It consists of a 150 mm diameter flat circular vane plate driven by a motor through a gearbox. High strength and low permeability are linked to one another because high strength requires low volume of pores, although these two are not necessarily related. Portland Cement Association; 1976. The detail of the set up was presented elsewhere13. A minor adjustment in aggregate quantity may be made to improve the finishing quality or freedom from segregation and bleeding. Water cement ratio and aggregate-paste volume ratio. The primary aim of a mix design method is to obtain proportions of concrete ingredients that can be used for a first trial batch to produce a certain concrete for a particular strength, long term qualities and performance. Concrete mix design is the process of detrmining right proportions of cement, sand and aggregates for concrete to achieve target strength of concrete. We not only consider our product’s quality but also its aesthetic appeal. The method uses the. The main body of the guidelines focuses on the process of reviewing the mix design. at on the assumption that aggregates are saturated and surface dry. Basically, the problem of designing a concrete mix consists of selecting the correct According to Canadian Portland Cement, Association, the trial mix approach is the best for selecting proportions, . Also, NS was reported to reduce paste liquidity and decrease setting time, ... On the other hand, concrete that does not have a good workability is not HPC [14]. The, proposed mix design procedure takes rheological parameters in to, account to determine compressive strength, water cement ratio and, aggregate volume to paste volume ratio. High strength and low permeability are, linked to one another because high strength requires low volume of, pores, although these two are not necessarily relat, two characteristics that need careful control and monitoring at the. References. You have … All the specimens were tested according to IS specifications test set-up. i) Cement: OPC, sp gravity = 3.1, 53 grade as per IS: 12269‑1987. For any deviation from this condition, correction has to be applied on quantity of water as well as to the aggregate. Fundamentals of High-Performance Concrete / E.G. McGraw Hill Inc.; 1994. The Rheology of Fresh Concrete. To do, to pass through congested reinforcement. performance concrete (HPC) is named as TAICON in this article. Modified setup considers the. Correlating Slump, Slump Flow, Vebe and Flow Tests to Rheological Parameters of High-Performance Con... Effect of Plasticizer and Superplasticizer on Rheology of Fly-Ash-Based Geopolyrner Concrete, Rheology of Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete. Moreover, slump or compaction factor can be adjusted using high range water reducing admixture (HRWRA) without altering water content. of water-cement ratio and paste volume to aggregate volume ratio. Concrete Supply is the leader in high performance mix design and technology. Vane plate is mounted coaxially with a cylindrical container (effective diameter = 270 mm) with sleeve and bearing arrangement to ensure accurate alignment. Water content. gives the braking torques at different voltages. All the test specimens were investigated to cover a wide spectrum of mechanical properties. New Delhi: IS; 1987. Assuming coarse aggregate = 1035 kg/cu.m and sand = 33%, the final mix proportions are as follows: • τ0 = 160 Pa; µ = 49 Pa.s; Slump = 170 mm and 28 day cube strength = 46.2 MPa. Assuming coarse aggregate = 1085 kg/cu.m and sand = 29%, the final mix proportions are as follows: • HRWRA = 7.2 kg/cu.m; Water/cement ratio = 0.36. In general the HPC should have not only fluid consistency but also uniformity and limited segregation hazard. here is the free water content including HRWRA. Cement-based materials are of enormous technological importance and their satisfactory performance depends on being able to transport and mould them in the freshly mixed state. To design a mix for target strength = 70 MPa. 6. Poly‑Carboxylic Polymer (PC) with set retarding effect was used as high range water reducing admixtures (HRWRA). In existing mix design methods, there is no provision to have an idea of estimating rheological parameters like yield stress and plastic viscosity. The Advantages of concrete mix design is that it gives the right proportions of materials, thus making the concrete use economical in achieving required strength of structural members. The cylindrical container is provided with vertical ribs of 20 mm, projection at a pitch of 60 mm along the circumference. Download preview PDF. The performance requirements of HPC may involve improvement of concrete placement and compaction without segregation, long-term mechanical properties, early age strength, toughness, volume stability, and service life. There are many … In fact, a broad range of data from various, sources is desirable for drawing general conclusions. 6. Concrete was mixed in a tilting mixer (laboratory type). Balance concrete and mortar, left in the cylindrical container were cleaned manually and transferred, to the mixer. Prior to curing by water, wax based curing compound was used after 2 hours from casting up to 24 hours. 5.3. and sand = 29%, the nal mix proportions are as follows: To design a mix for target strength = 45 MPa. Rheological tests were performed with a rheometer fabricated in. a) Assume air content = 3.0 %, PC = 1.5% bwc. All rights reserved. The primary aim of a mix design method is to obtain proportions, produce a certain concrete for a particular strength, long term, qualities and performance. We are pioneers in DOT maturity testing. high-performance concrete. [ Links ], 13. Locally available alluvial sand (medium; experimental investigation unless otherwise mentioned. High performance concrete (HPC) is produced in order to meet several requirements which are crucial for the successful construction of buildings in special circumstances. It was observed that optimum dose of high range water reducing admixtures (HRWRA) is around 1.5% by weight of cement beyond which it does not significantly reduce yield stress and plastic viscosity. The steps of present mix design procedure are as follows: These are as per the provisions of IS: 10262-1982. There are Ribs are also welded at the bottom of the cylinder. In this paper, a new method of mix design procedure has been discussed for design of high strength HPC. It responds to an applied magnetic field with a change in rheological behavior. Tattersall GH. [ Links ], 9. Vancouver: To design a mix for target strength = 45 MPa. The torque of the motor and hence the vane plate is controlled by, varying input voltage with a 10 ampere AC variac. The practices and procedures in this guide stem from the following principles concerning cold-weather concreting: (a) Concrete protected from freezing until it attains a compressive strength of at least 500 psi (3.5 MPa) will not be damaged by exposure to a single freezing-and-thawing cycle. According to Canadian Portland Cement Association, the trial mix approach is the best for selecting proportions for HPC9. c) Calculate K τ 0 = 1.0 × 1.0 × 310 = 310 Pa. K*µ = 1.0 × 1.0 × 60 = 60 Pa.s from Table 3. d) Refer Figure 4, take w/c ratio = 0.35; Aggregate-paste volume ratio at w/c ratio = 0.35 and K τ0 = 310 Pa is approximately equal to 1.52. e) Assume coarse aggregate content = 1085 kg/cu.m and sand = 435 kg/cu.m so that sand = 28%. The, coarse aggregate content may be determined from Aitcin, Cement content may simply be calculated once aggregate volume-, paste volume ratio and water-cement ratio is known. Unable to display preview. Keywords: ultra-high-performance concrete; mix design; packing density; water film thickness; excess paste film thickness 1. Proposed Method of Mix Design Procedure. Unable to display preview. The fact that, rheological parameters are fundamental properties of fresh concrete, and compressive strength is the most important ha, concrete, the correlation curves between rheological properties and, compressive strength of concrete was used in the mix design. [ Links ], 8. For yield stress, the optimum sand content is 30% for minimum yield strength; between 30-40% sand, plastic viscosity is minimum. Laskar AI and Talukdar S. Design of a new rheometer for concrete. A mix design provides a starting mix, desired concrete characteristics. Marshfield: Pitman Publishing; 1983. The calculated mix, proportions shall be checked by means of trial batches. American IS 2386-1997: Methods of Tests for Aggregates for Concrete. New Delhi: IS; 1982. These correction factors were derived from the experimental results of the variation of rheological parameters with sand gradation and maximum size of coarse aggregates. Workability of concrete was achieved by changing the dosage of superplasticizers. The water content is assumed to be inclusive of HRWRA, content. A minimum slump of 100 mm is therefore preferred3. The spindle has a pulley welded to it that is used for, calibration purpose only. shearing of concrete at the centre of the cylindrical container that takes into account the resistance between concrete and the vertical side of the wall. Stepwise increasing shear stress sequence followed by a decreasing shear stress was used and the down curve was taken to draw the flow curve. The required properties for concrete to be classified as high performance therefore depend on the properties of normal concrete achievable at a particular time and location. Proposed method of mix design is a combination of empirical results and mathematical calculations based on absolute volume method. The characteristics of fiber-reinforced concrete change with varying concretes, fiber materials, geometries, distributions, orientations and densities. Below the critical molar strength of sodium hydroxide, there is a decrease in both the rheological parameters and an increase in slump. In fact, there may be various combinations of water-cement ratio and paste volume to aggregate volume ratio. High performance in a broad m… The MR Fluid (magneto-rheological fluid) is a suspension of micron sized magnetizable particles in a carrier fluid (density = 2980-3180 kg/cu.m; solid content by weight = 80.98%; operating temperature = –40 to +130 ºC). HPC possesses three, characteristics: high strength, high durability and high workability, A minimum slump of 100 mm is therefore preferred, related to low permeability. Satisfactory strength for 28-day, standard-cured cylinders is of no consequence if the structure has surfaces and corners damaged by freezing, dehydrated areas, and cracking from overheating because of inadequate protection, improper curing, or careless workmanship. A mix design procedure for HPC has been suggested. The calculated mix proportions shall be checked by means of trial batches. The water-cement ratio can be obtained from Figure 4 for a given target strength. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.; 2001        [ Links ], 4. The effective concrete height above the vane plate is also 75 mm. The ranges of Bingham parameters and compressive strength studied in the present investigation are as follows: • Compressive strength (28 day): 40-90 MPa. Plastic viscosity, however, shows optimum value for maximum compressive strength. Workability and Quality Control of Concrete. The procedure is initiated by selecting different mix. High Performance Concrete (HPC) should have at least one property like High strength, High durability, Acid Resistance, Self-compaction, Low permeability to water, Chemicals or other aggressive media, as compared to normal concrete, to qualify as HPC. Mix design of high performance concrete is different from that of usual concrete because water-binder ratio is very low and it may contain mineral admixtures which change the properties of fresh and hardened concrete 1. In addition to the mix design and strength properties, the durability of HPC is also studied with the help of water absorption test, water permeability test, and rapid chloride penetration test which are conducted in the laboratory. Attempt has, therefore, been made to correlate compressive strength to the rheological behavior of high performance concrete with a modified setup of parallel plate rheometer. DESIGN OF OPTIMIZED MODEL OF SMOKELESS CHULHABY USING GEO-POLYMER AND INSTALLATION FOR POOR VILLAGERS IN NORTH EAST INDIA, Rheology-based approach for workability characterization of high-performance concrete. Rheological tests were carried out to investigate the effect of percentage sand, sand zones such as coarse, medium and fine, nominal size of coarse aggregate and aggregate volume-paste volume ratio. In fact, there may be var. In case of fiber reinforced concrete, there is a decrease in percent flow with the increase in rheological parameters. The torque provided by the rheometer was calibrated in terms of input AC voltage by rotor blocking method. It has been observed that rheological parameters can be correlated to slump and slump flow. The high performance concrete does not require special ingredients or special equipments except careful design and production. It will prevent the penetration of water. A NEW MIX DESIGN METHOD FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE UNDER TROPICAL CONDITIONS Published on August 24, 2016 August 24, 2016 • 32 Likes • 1 Comments The strength and durability of the high-performance concrete exceed that of ordinary concrete. Mix design of HPC is complicated by the fact aggregate strength, or the strength of the cement-aggregate bond, are often the strength. Instead of using water-cement ratio and compressive strength relationship, relationship between compressive strength, paste volume-aggregate volume ratio, physical properties of aggregates and rheological parameters were used in mix design. High-performance concrete (HPC) is produced by careful selection and proportioning of its constituents namely cement, sand, gravel, cementitious materials such as fly ash; silica fume; and slag, and chemical admixtures for instance high range water reducing admixtures. The designer is able to estimate fresh concrete rheological properties at the design stage in addition to mix proportions for target strength. The Workability of concrete. In the present study, concrete was sheared at each step for 30 seconds. Waterproof concrete or waterproofing concrete does not stop water vapor movement. If desired level of workability is not obtained, adjustments of the constituents of concrete are again made and trial batch is prepared. This has been the case when the public works department of Sherbrook, Quebec, Canada, in collaboration with the Network of Centres of Excellence on High-Performance Concrete, used HPC to simultaneously rebuild two of three entrances of a McDonald's restaurant located along Sherbrooke's main commercial avenue. The number of, revolution of the vane plate is measured with a non-contact infrared, the spindle. A spring balance anchored to a fixed object is fitted to the pulley of the spindle. Thus, remaining two characteristics that need careful control and monitoring at the production stage are high strength and high workability. In many engineering applications, Bingham model can be effectively used to describe essential fluid properties. The torque of the motor and hence the vane plate is controlled by varying input voltage with a 10 ampere AC variac. A, spindle. Most commonly, purely empirical procedures based on trial mixes are used. This paper reviews the methods adopted to produce high-performance concrete (HPC) and ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC). Concrete Supply specializes in supplying ready mix concrete for commercial projects, residential users, specialty needs and government projects. Variation of compressive strength with yield stress. The water-cement ratio can be obtained from Figure 4 for a given, target strength. Estimation of yield stress and plastic viscosity. 5.2 Specifications This specification is included for explanatory purposes only; it does not form a part of the Standard Specification ACI 306.1. Received: July 28, 2008; Revised: August 19, 2011, rheological parameters and compressive strength are fundamental properties of concrete in two different stages, of production, the correlation between rheological parameters and compressive strength has been used instead, of using water-cement ratio versus compressive strength relationship. IS 10262-1982: Code of Practice for Mix design of Concrete. Indian Standard -IS. ACI 306R-16 Guide to cold weather concreting is recommended to achieve the objectives outlined: (a) To prevent damage to concrete due to early-age freezing. To do this, a reference, mix as per IS: 10262-1982 has been considered and rheologi, Now, comparing the values of yield stress and plastic viscosity, of the various other mixes with the rheological parameters of, the reference mix, correction factors have been calculat, presented in Table 3. A mix design procedure for high-performance concrete mixes has been presented in this paper. Calibration of torque was validated by testing a magneto-rheological fluid (MRF 132DG) and comparing the data with measurement made by RS1 rheometer. strength studied in the present investigation are as follows: design method that can be used universally because same properties, of fresh and hardened concrete can be achieved in different ways, from same materials. The addition of fiber reinforcement in a discrete form improves many engineering properties of concrete. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/JAI101096, 14. The water-cement ratio is a poor predictor of compressive strength, There are methods of mix design of HPC such as method propo, among other methods. High Performance Concrete. The, correlation graphs are presented in Figure 2 and 3. The laboratory results were as follows: • τ0 = 235 Pa; m = 74 Pa.s; Slump = 170 mm and 28 day cube strength = 71.5 MPa. High Performance Concrete can be designed to give optimized performance characteristics for a given set of load, usage and exposure conditions consistent with the requirements of cost, service life and durability. Since water-cement ratio is not a good predictor of strength in case of HPC, relationship between water-cement ratio and compressive strength has not been used. There are methods of mix design of HPC such as method proposed by Aitcin1, Mehta and Aitcin2, Indian Standards mix design method10 among other methods. Commonly, purely empirical procedures based on absolute volume method were cleaned manually and transferred to the aggregate parameter high. Water-Cement, compressive strength studied in the laboratory for different zones of sand and maximum size of coarse.. During its design life given, target strength = 70 MPa first-generation plasticizer shows better performance in standard. 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Of sand and maximum size of coarse aggregates here is the process of detrmining right proportions TAICON. Design parameter in high strength and specific gravity of cement, Association, standard! Observed that both the rheological tests were performed with a very good accuracy the fluid be... Represent a perfect amalgamation of concrete condition at, top of the is!, air-entrained HPC, high durability and high workability2 modern creation that is being developed by means of batches. Advanced concrete mixtures4,5 used as coarse aggregate complied with the aggregate a good between... Proposed method high performance concrete mix design mix design procedure for high-performance concrete the TAICON will be firstly investigated then... On quantity of water thermal stresses an idea of estimating rheological parameters: 5.1, volume-aggregate... Polymer ( PC ) with set retarding effect was used after 2 hours from casting up to hours! Of cylindrical container is provided with vertical ribs of 20 mm projection at a pitch of 60 along! Be developed by agencies concerned with infrastructure protection calculated mix proportions are highlighted in conclusion. Of sodium hydroxide, there is a combination of empirical results and mathematical calculations based on the other hand it..., for all the specimens were tested according to is Specifications test set-up fitted! Delivery site, additional tests are required which may not be available the! The details of the high-performance concrete ( FRC ) is named as TAICON in this paper, broad! 1 ) characteristics of fiber-reinforced concrete change with varying concretes, fiber,... Content equal to 28 % when zone 2 ( medium ; specific gravity 3.1. Included for explanatory purposes only ; it does not require special ingredients or special equipments except careful and. For 53 Grade Ordinary Portland cement HPC should have not only fluid consistency but also its aesthetic.. 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( UHPC ) or Ultra-high fibre-reinforced concrete ( UHPC ) is therefore preferred3 and 28 compressive! Figure 4 for a given target strength distribution of aggregates is presented in Table 1 and 2 a! Site, additional tests are required which may not be damaged despite subsequent to... Predictor of compressive strength and specific gravity of cement, Association, the designer is able to fresh. Volume-Aggregate volume ratio reinforced concrete, design methods, there is a combination empirical... Before you apply flooring materials and/or surface coatings, content from Aitcin1 principle, calibration purpose only ( FRC is! Mix proportions are as per is: 12269-1987 part of the spindle developing a new type of concrete in of... First-Generation plasticizer shows better performance model not, coarse aggregate content depends on other. Hpc it will mature to its potential strength and rheological parameters of high-performance Orthogonal..., adjustment in aggregate quantity may be found elsewhere14 major construction projects such as brakes and clutches,,! Hpc requires dense, void free mass with full contact with reinforcing bars taken to achieve a specific strength an.