The table below offers a full list of which countries are what type of democracy. In the United Kingdom, for example, the chief executive is the prime minister, and the ministers are the heads of the executive departments, which together compose the government. An alternation in power under electoral rules identical to the ones that brought the incumbent to office must have taken place. Russia, Iran, Iraq, Venezuela, Egypt, Turkey, the former Ukraine, Georgia, are concrete examples. [8]:455 Sometimes sitting governments will attach a vote of no confidence clause to a piece of legislation they want passed, effectively tying the survival of the government on the piece of legislation. [1] The dictatorships leaders are known as dictators and are usually backed by powerful groups of people. Whether or not Putin is a dictator has mixed answers. Six-fold regime classification scheme and its rules, Comparison with other democracy-measuring data sets, Studies in Comparative International Development, "Minimalist Conception of Democracy: A Defense", Przeworski, Alvarez, Cheibub, and Limongi: Democracy and development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democracy-Dictatorship_Index&oldid=989094916, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from September 2018, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The specific details of a dictatorship come down to the individual rulers. Current Communist Countries: China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, and Vietnam. This allows them to stay in power — and turns the country into a true dictatorship. One of the reasons for this is the fact that the military often has more cohesion and institutional structure than most of the civilian institutions of society. Also, here is the qualification on the link itself The three Baltic states were parliamentary republics after declaring their independence from the Russian Empire in 1918, but were all occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940. Poverty in Sudan is endemic. Many countries which are seen as otherwise democratic are dictatorships because there has yet to be an alternation in power since their incumbent government has never lost an election. Some dictatorships may have secret police, indefinite arrests, and concentration camps. King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa of Bahrain. Is Russia a dictatorship? Obiang's regime is known for unlawful killings, torture of prisoners, government-sanctioned kidnappings, and even accusations of cannibalism. The head of state may be unelected and still be classified as a democracy. What 3 countries in Europe were taken over by a dictator during world war 2? These types of government were applied with a thought of solving existing problems or improving the socio-economic conditions prevalent in those particular countries. (2010), Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland developed a six-fold regime classification scheme, resulting what the authors called as the DD datasets.[1]:68. Dictatorships have shallow levels of freedom. [8]:456, The second distinction made is whether the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term. Typically, dictators are put into power when a nation faces significant social issues, such as high unemployment rates or unrest among the nation's people. For la Patria: Politics and the Armed Forces in Latin America. If it is not responsible, it is a presidential democracy. That includes the unraveling of social organizations and democratic institutions, the prohibition of other political parties, and the replacement of the nation's constitution. This explains why the quality of government numbers in dictatorships countries is almost always highly suspect. Dictatorship: Civilian Dictatorship 1. Here is a comprehensive, up-to-date list of the current world dictators and authoritarian regimes. The proclamation of emergency rule, for example, was the beginning of the dictatorships of Hitler in Germany, Benito Mussolini in Italy, Kemal Atatürk in Turkey, Józef Piłsudṣki in Poland, and António de Oliveira Salazar in Portugal. Wikimedia Commons. This is thanks to an oil boom that enriched his family at the expense of the Equatorial Guinea citizens. The economic and social statistics that were published out of the Soviet Union or Mao’s China, for example, were notoriously unreliable for decades on end. Yes, China is a dictatorship in the form of what the Constitution of the People's Republic of China calls a "people's democratic dictatorship." Before the first world war, most countries were led by monarchs, which were an "old fashion" type of dictator. The DD index first classifies the regimes into two types: democracies and dictatorships. His wealth is estimated to be approximately $600 million. Dictatorships only seem extreme and unethical to people who have not lived through them because it takes an outside perspective. Admit it. Military dictatorship. [8]:465 Some countries, such as Greece and Bulgaria, stipulate who the head of state chooses as head of government. Those who believe that he is a dictator argue that he removed freedom of speech; the press can only publish what he allows them to; imprisons his opponents, and he has structured the government so that it keeps him at the top and gives him the most power. Africa has several long-standing dictators; however, they are beginning to lose power across the continent. Below are lists of the countries and territories formerly ruled or administered by the United Kingdom or part of the British Empire, with their independence days.Some countries did not gain their independence on a single date, therefore the latest day of independence is shown with a … The modern definition of a dictator came about after World War I. There have been dictators in history who, as it turns out, have been quite nice. For dictatorships, monarchic, military and civilian dictatorship. The chief executive must be chosen by popular election or by a body that was itself popularly elected. In the former, for example, the President must appoint as Prime Minister the leader of the largest largest party in parliament, who has three days to gain the confidence of a majority thereof. On a similar note, the country's citizens with a dictatorship do not have much of a voice, either. Dictatorships date back to the times of Julius Caesar. The phrase "fixed term" indicates the once the head of state is chosen, they serve a known and a limited number of years before another election is held, and they cannot be removed from the office in the meantime via a vote of no confidence.[8]:456. https://www.toptenz.net/10-surprisingly-benevolent-dictators.php He pointed toward a minority groups, and said that they were to blame for their lot in life, that the Jews were the reason their lives were awful, and that he'd take care of that problem while making the country great again. According to their research 36% of the world's population lives in a country that is not free. E-mail Citation » If I didn't mention the Jews, you would have sworn I was talkin… Poland,Belgiun,and France ... Several middle eastern countries have dictators or monarchs. If it is, then a further distinction is made between democracies where the head of state is popularly elected and those where the head of state is not popularly elected. The required majority needed to remove the sitting government varies between countries but is termed a vote of no confidence. Some countries, such as Sweden, instead charge another person entirely with choosing the head of government, such as the presiding officer of the legislative assembly]]. A dictatorship is a type of government in which a single person or party has absolute power. At least 70,000 people were killed and thousands more were disappeared. He ruled with an iron fist and led a great cultural revolution, also referred to as the “Great Leap Forward.” The autocrat's decisions are not subject to legal restraints, and the autocrat exercised unlimited and undisputed power. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1999. He rallied up his people by turning them against the press, calling them false news. As such, he denies political rights and civil liberties of everyone in the country. While under the general’s rule, Thailand is experiencing economic hardship. Some have been in power for decades, such as President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial New Guinea. This page was last edited on 17 November 2020, at 00:59. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index has the main regime types of "democracy" and "dictatorship" and three sub-types for each as well. The head of state in most parliamentary democracies formally appoint the head of government. He runs the country as one of the world’s military dictatorships. " He worked to improve the lives of the plebeians, the middle- and lower-class Romans.. Dictators were appointed off and on as necessary until 202 B.C. Titus Larcius was a member of the patrician class, the privileged elite. Anyone against their political, racial, and religious ideologies was sent to concentration camps that were set up across the country. Mussolini and Hitler (Hitler at the front). In the last four years alone, 26 African countries have had transfers of power. Here are the names and titles of the fifty dictators around the world. Europe’s first practical dictatorship was established in Russia by the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. If the head of state serves for life or is not popularly elected or a fixed term, then the democracy is parliamentary.[9]. The premise of the "people's democratic dictatorship" is that the Chinese Party of China and the state represent and act on behalf of the people, but possess and may use powers against reactionary forces. Political opposition was squelched and rebellions were put down by the rurals, Diaz's personal guard. Democracy-Dictatorship (DD)[1], index of democracy and dictatorship[2] or simply the DD index[3] or the DD datasets refers to the binary measure of democracy and dictatorship first proposed by Adam Przeworski et al. President Vladimir Putin is currently serving his fourth term as President of Russia. Dictatorship, form of government in which one person or a small group possesses absolute power without effective constitutional limitations. Victoriano Huerta: Mexico: 1913–1914 : Appointed president, established a military dictatorship for about a year, and then was forced to resign. Colombia has just celebrated a "festival of peace" marking the end of a period of twenty years without a revolution in a land where civil wars were once so frequent. Once a dictator rises to power, they slowly remove the power people have to elect anyone else, leave the country, or even speak freely. Executive not elected Antigua and Barbuda: … Each of the countries with fascist movements written in their history were controlled by dictators. Titus Larcius, had been a consul. Read on to find out more about them. Adolf Hitler (Germany) Arguably the most (in)famous dictator of all, Hitler took power in Germany in … Loveman, Brian. President Alexander Lukashenko of Belarus. Often confused with a dictatorship, autocracy is a governance system headed by a single ruler called an autocrat. The legislature must be popularly elected. No alternation in power. Their most recent report names 50 countries as not free, including China, Russia, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. This does not indicate cases of semi-democracy or semi-dictatorship.[1]:71. They … What do these regimes have in common? He was chosen to put down a rebellion staged by several cities that wanted to reinstate the most recent Roman king, Tarquin II. Between 1946 and 1976, China suffered under the rule of Mao Zedong, a communist revolutionary who founded the People’s Republic of China. Most recently, in April, Algeria's Abdelaziz Bouteflika and Sudan's Omar Hassan al-Bashir were forced to step down. The increasing role of non-democracies in key UN bodies lead observers to wonder how the UN can live up to its ideals. President Abdelkader Bensalah of Algeria. – check123 Oct 15 '11 at 6:56 The authors acknowledged that the last rule is more complicated to implement, but stated that it helps researchers to control potential errors and removes subjective judgement from the classification.[1]:70. The name a democracy gives itself or its office does not indicate what type of democracy it is. Cultural and scientific ‘cleansings’ were carried out as well. Here, we’ve made a list of ten such dictators who weren’t all that evil but worked to uplift their country and its people. Modern autocratic countries include Cuba, North Korea, Venezuela, Egypt, Oman, Brunei, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Eswatini. In order for a dictatorship to form, all opponents of the dictator ultimately need to be removed. Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East have been common areas for military dictatorships. Some of the most famous dictators in history include, of course, Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Nazi Germany from 1933-1945, Benito Mussolini, ruler of fascist Italy from 1922-1945, and Joseph Stalin… However, this is not how everyone views the inner workings of a dictatorship. Military dictatorships can be … [8]:457 Elected heads of state are usually referred to as "president." Trade unions were forcibly replaced by the Deutsche Arbeitsfront. Military prin… Sudan – President al-Bashir came to power in 1989 and reigned with a brutal dictatorship in Sudan until his exile in 2015. From mid-July 1933 onwards, Germany was a single-party state. After these nations were liberated, he became President of Gran Colombia (present-day Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela) and he soon became known for a dictatorial streak. President Faustin Archange Touadera of the, President Felix Tshisekedi of the Republic of Congo, President Denis Sassou Nguesso of the Congo, President Teodoro Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, President Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan of Sudan. As of today, there are 50 dictatorships in the world (19 in Sub-Saharan Africa, 12 in the Middle East and North Africa, 8 in Asia-Pacific, 7 in Eurasia, 3 in Americas and 1 in Europe). [8]:454 The government composes the chief executive and the heads of the executive departments. Despite this, he enjoyed the support of France. The entire premise of a dictatorship is that one person is calling all of the shots for a whole country, reflecting an obvious imbalance of power. Gnassingbé Eyadema came to power in a military coup and ruled over a repressive regime. The People's Republic of China is currently ruled by President Xi Jinping, who also serves as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, the country's Vice President, the President of the Central Party School, and the 1st ranked member of the CPC Politburo Standing Committee. There are currently 17 dictators in Africa, some worse than others. The financial backing of powerful groups isn't all that's needed. In Thailand, General Prayuth Chan-ochatook power in 2014. Keep note that the head of state, chief executive, government, and legislatures can have their official names be seemingly contradictory to this classification. However, since they might also give up power willingly, the regime is marked with a type II value to signal potential classification errors where a democratic regime may be falsely classified as dictatorship.[1]:70. Soviet Ukraine was the UN's founding member, but the All-Union state acted as its legal representative in matters concerning other countries that were not a part of the USSR. Unfortunately, democracy is still shaky in these countries, and the possibility of another dictator rising to power is likely. In 2018, 2.8 million were in need of humanitarian aid and 4.8 million were food insecure. A continentwise breakup of Democratic countries and Dictatorship countries has been provided. Although he claimed to be democratic by nature, his true nature showed otherwise. Democracies are classified by the rules in which executives can be appointed or removed and can be either presidential, mixed or semi-presidential, or parliamentary. Idi Amin fled Uganda in the heat of… The DD dataset covers the annual data points of 199 countries from 1946 (or date of independence) to 2008. There are eight dictatorships in Asia, seven in the Eurasian region of the world, and twelve spanning from Africa's northern parts to the Middle East. Current Communist Countries: China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, and Vietnam. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). Fascist Leaders and Dictators. Its emblem, the hammer and sickle, represented physical labour in factory or field; there was no symbol for the scientist, the statesman, or the scholar. According to their research 36% of the world's population lives in a country that is not free. For some people, like the citizens of North Korea, this system of government is all the citizens know. Dictators usually resort to force or fraud to gain despotic political power, which they maintain through the use of intimidation, terror, and the suppression of … All existing political parties were banned. President Joao Lourenco of Angola. He was eventually overthrown by the Revolution which lasted 10 years. From the outside looking in, life within a dictatorship is akin to being in a toxic relationship or living situation. Years in power: 6 years Therefore, it is impossible to know if the regime is a democracy or a dictatorship, so DD Index considers them dictatorships until an alternation in power occurs. In Germany, the head of state is elected by regional legislatures and not popularly elected. Interestingly enough, you might not recognize a dictator based on their title because many of them are called presidents, kings, prime ministers, and many other titles. [4] Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the present year. Democracies can be either parliamentary, semi-presidential, or presidential and dictatorships can be civilian, military, or royal. Take Togo for example. [11], Gugiu & Centellas developed the Democracy Cluster Classification Index that integrates five democracy indicators (including the DD dataset, Polity dataset), clustering 24 American and 39 European regimes over 30 years.[2]. While autocratic countries are not always malevolent, they are continuing to face rising resistance. Once the chancellor of Germany, after the death of the president in 1933, Hitler nominated himself to the position. Still, these officials do not have much of a say in the final outcome of anything. For democracies, it categorizes them into three types: parliamentary, semi-presidential and presidential democracies. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. The other challenge that Africa confronts in regard to dictatorships is that these dictators have received full support from Western countries. Is China a dictatorship? Their most recent report names 50 countries as not free, including China, Russia, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. The previous leaders of fascist nations were: Adolf Hitler of Germany; Benito Mussolini of Italy President Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai of Afghanistan. President Ilham Aliyev of Azerbaijan. [1]:68 The figures at the left show the results in 1998 and 2008. If the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term then, the democracy is mixed or semi-presidential. A key source of evidence for ongoing prosecutions in several countries (in 2019) of human rights violations during the military dictatorships. This type of vote is termed a constructive vote of no confidence. The classification depends on the rules outlining the relationship between a country's government, legislative assembly (often called the legislature), and head of state. Recent report names 50 countries as not free the front ) 1998 and 2008 state be! 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