This talk will explore ways to link experimental geobiology with Earth Science as a means to unravel the causes of past extinctions, and better inform our understanding of modern extinctions. The apparent Michaelis constant (Km) and Vmax values of COD were 0.043 mM and 2.21 μmol/min/mg, respectively. Bioremediation is a very promising, eco-friendly, GJ-22 isolated from activated sludge. Thus, organic and inorganic amendments with matched macronutrients could have a similar impact on crop yields. Smarter energy ranges from providing the intelligence that enables us to manage our consumption of energy from any source to the use of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. The most important challenges of the sustainability are ecological, ... sustainable initiatives, strategies and solutions with long-term benefits are not put in place. The reworked spherule layers at the base of the sandstone complex in NE Mexico and Texas were deposited in the upper half of CF1, ∼50-80 k.y. Global carbon emissions are increasing due to, emission due to fossil fuel combustion hav, ). Sundarbans are highly productive mangrove wetland ecosystems, contributing several social, financial and environmental benefits. The results revealed that the application of BAZ-coated urea alleviated salt stress through improving the seed germination, plant height, root length, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, number of tillers and grains, spike length, spike weight, 1000-grain weight, antioxidant activity (APX, GPX, GST, GR, CAT, and SOD), and NPK contents in the straw and grains of the wheat plants. Cities around the world face common transport challenges — from increasing congestion, safety concerns and aging infrastructure, to a lack of funding and increasing environmental impacts. The availability of infrastructural facilities which drives economic growth in the study area, enhance the coping capacity of the farmers to environmental change. In the current study, 42 KSB strains were isolated from paddy rhizosphere soil grown under salt-affected conditions. Overall, this chapter provides thoughts related to the soil metagenomics, its importance, and conventional methods of analysis, along with prospects and challenges of soil metagenomics. IBM's Hybrid Renewable Energy Forecasting (HyREF) solution is an advanced power and weather modeling technology to help utilities increase the integration into and reliability of renewable energy resources on the electric grid. Exacerbating this huge challenge are failing water infrastructures and changing weather patterns resulting in floods and droughts. The solution combines weather prediction and analytics to accurately forecast the availability of wind power and solar energy. A detailed catalog of functional genes and soil microorganisms does not yet exist for any soil. Last year, IBM began collaborating with Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board (BWSSB), which supplies water across nearly 800 square kilometers of the city, to create systems for monitoring and managing increasingly complex water distribution systems. Cholesterol oxidase, a microbial enzyme produced, ). A proof‐of‐concept for the fabrication of genetically customizable biogenic materials for photovoltaic applications is presented. Eradicating extreme poverty, promoting sustainable consumption and pro-duction, and managing the planet’s natural resource base for the benefit of all are the overarching challenges of sustainable development. Utilizing the HT-PGPR and their secondary metabolites for the development of novel bioinoculants for the management of saline agro-ecosystems can be an important strategy in the future. In fact hydrogen based biofuels are belie, Biotechnological solutions for environmental problems, https ://www.thehi ndubu sines sline .com/, species: effects of water depth and water mov, emissions. ... through policy interventions and technology solutions. It can extract and store information from millions of interconnected sensors. It is giving researchers the ability to analyze and draw insight from vast amounts of data to develop solutions for Africa's most pressing challenges ranging from energy and water to transportation, agriculture and healthcare. Digital Delta is harnessing big data insights to transform flood control and management in the Netherlands. The optimization algorithm then proposes minimum resources which are enough to ensure hygiene standard of the area based on the waste amount and frequency inside the grid. IBM is helping utilities in mature and emerging markets around the world add a layer of digital intelligence to their grids. before the mass extinction) based on the stratigraphically oldest impact spherule layer in NE Mexico, Texas, and Yucatan crater core Yaxcopoil-1. These situations have the potential to affect thousands of people, leading to significant healthcare costs, loss of revenue for food companies, and—in the worst cases—death. The study adopted a survey design and the method utilized for the study was a questionnaire administered to 400 farmers in the study area. Agro-ecosystems are thus facing multitude of stresses, ). In the current study, a product was formulated by coating urea with bioaugmented zinc oxide (ZnO) to improve wheat productivity under a saline environment. Global warming is also responsible for decreasing, ) reported that climate change has impact on infec, release subsequently resulting in loss of, ). Fluctuation in composition and diversity of bacterial community was further supplemented by plant phenological stages. IBM is actively working to help change that through two new initiatives. Hence, these strains could be halotolerant KSB bioinoculants that can be used to protect plants against salt stress. Deoxygenation of ocean is a major issue due to climate, ). Zinc (Zn) availability is limited in salt-affected soils due to high soil pH and calcium concentrations causing Zn fixation. It likely exacerbated climate warming and may have intensified Deccan eruptions. Optimal Policy-Making for Municipal Waste Management based on Predictive Model Optimization, Response of Soil Bacterial Community to Application of Organic and Inorganic Phosphate Based Fertilizers under Vicia faba L. Cultivation at Two Different Phenological Stages, Halotolerant potassium solubilizing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria may improve potassium availability under saline conditions, Novel Bioformulations Developed from Pseudomonas putida BSP9 and Its Biosurfactant for Growth Promotion of Brassica juncea (L.), Soil Metagenomics: Prospects and Challenges, A Simplified Sub-Surface Soil Salinity estimation using Synergy of Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 multispectral satellite data, for early stages of wheat crop growth in Rupnagar, Punjab, India, Understanding Farmers' Vulnerability to Environmental Change in Semi-Arid Region: A Key to Agricultural Sustainability, Secondary Metabolites From Halotolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Ameliorating Salinity Stress in Plants, MINI REVIEW Secondary Metabolites From Halotolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Ameliorating Salinity Stress in Plants, Impact of Coating of Urea with Bacillus-Augmented Zinc Oxide on Wheat Grown under Salinity Stress, Effect of salt and water stress on root infection by Macrophomina phaseolina and ion composition in shoot in sorghum, Biodiversity conservation for sustainable future, Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh: causes of degradation and sustainable management options, Response Surface Methodology-Genetic Algorithm Based Medium Optimization, Purification, and Characterization of Cholesterol Oxidase from Streptomyces rimosus. This access will be invaluable for solving the continent's most pressing challenges, creating new business opportunities and assisting in development that is more sustainable. Potential of secondary metabolites synthesized by halotolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (HT-PGPR) in the management of salinity stress in crops is gaining importance. The initial medium component screening was performed using Placket-Burman design with yeast extract, dextrose, starch and ammonium carbonate as significant factors. Experiments were performed in the presence and in the absence of a co-adsorbent, a slimy substance produced by UV11 and identified as a polysaccharide during this work. Environmental issues have become a common concern for people around the globe. Structural, biochemical, and computational studies of this novel two-component system elucidate the mechanism of its broad substrate specificity, presenting it as a new tool for a critical step in biological lignin conversion. Microbiol, https ://www.pbl.nl/en/publi catio ns/2010/Re, https ://doi.org/10.1787/97892 64251 724-en, (Oligochaeta) following application of three, (L.) DC. Legumes such as Vicia faba is one of the essential functional group in intercropping and crop rotations due to its higher N fixing capacity. Supported by the Kenyan Information, Communication and Technology Authority and located at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa, it features one of Africa's most powerful cloud-enabled computing hubs. Though originally described as converting guaiacol to catechol, we show that this system efficiently demethylates both guaiacol and an unexpectedly wide variety of lignin-relevant monomers. Moreover, understanding the physiological processes and evolutionary dynamics that influence metabolic demand for these important micronutrients has significant implications in terms of nutrient acquisition and, in microbial organisms, can affect community composition and metabolic exchange between coexisting species. Thus, the paper aims to suggest the number of resources which lead to a minimum cost and also ensure a certain level of hygiene in the area. Examples of IBM solutions that are advancing sustainability follow. 5. The applicability of the statistical tools coupled with artificial intelligence techniques was tested to optimize the critical medium components for the production of extracellular cholesterol oxidase (COD; an enzyme of commercial interest) from Streptomyces rimosus MTCC 10792. Watson technologies will be deployed from IBM's new Africa Research laboratory and provide researchers with a powerful set of resources to help develop commercially viable solutions in key areas such as: In addition, to further leverage Watson's capabilities and help fuel the cognitive computing market, IBM is also establishing a new pan-African Center of Excellence for Data-Driven Development. In addition, liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) analysis showed the presence of a mixture of six mono-rhamnolipidic and a di-rhamnolipidic congeners, confirming it as a rhamnolipid biosurfactant. Currently climate change is happening mainly due, ). Thirteen KSB strains, positive for all tested PGP traits, were evaluated for potassium solubilisation under sodium stress, namely, 0%, 3%, 5% and 7% NaCl stress. It is now estimated that 34% of the total biodi, ). Saline soils are characterized by low moisture, depicts the recent occurrence of different dis, Distribution of salt-affected soils in different regions of globe, ) projected that the continued intensified production, ), along with high food chain losses (IWMI, ). This work lays strong foundations for the development of bio‐PV materials and next‐generation organic optoelectronics that are green, inexpensive, and easy to manufacture. Climate smart agriculture using plant growth pro, Examples of remediation of major contaminated sites by using microorganisms, Naturally occurring microbes with addition of, Acinetobacter baumannii, Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter lwoffi, http://blog.agriv i.com/post/biofe rtili zers-an-innov, ). As the world has become increasingly instrumented and interconnected, we are witnessing an extraordinary growth of “big data.” A range of technologies and capabilities—from cloud computing to analytics, from mobile and social platforms to cognitive learning—is transforming this data into a resource that can lead us to better choices and new opportunities for improving environmental sustainability. Microbial aromatic catabolism offers a promising approach to convert lignin, a vast source of renewable carbon, into useful products. The better strategies to examine RNA or DNA from soil allow us to understand the microbial diversity and features in the soil, which are challenging to identify by typical culture techniques. The levels of farmers’ vulnerability identified in this study were 4. Environmental goals addressed in CodeNEXT include: Promoting Water Stewardship Encouraging … Innovative solutions for environmental challenges and sustainable consumption and production (UNEP/EA.4/17) Mr. Jorge Laguna-Celis, Director, … Increasing levels of salt not only impair structure of soil and its microbial activity but also restrict plant growth by causing harmful imbalance and metabolic disorders. By improving traffic management, responding rapidly to incidents, using effective communication channels with citizens, and ensuring sustainable natural resources, data and analytics are providing new insight to create more effective cities. Further, the evaluation of plant biomass parameters under different fertilizer treatments was also carried out. In order to evaluate the environmental effects of the injection of CO gas, we investigated the post-impact atmospheric chemistry by incorporating our experimental results into a tropospheric photochemical model. We define policy in terms of the number of waste collection human resources cost, waste carrier’s vehicle cost and fuel cost. The contamination of heavy metals has been found in, ). Increasing levels of salt not only impair structure of soil and its microbial activity but also restrict plant growth by causing harmful imbalance and metabolic disorders. With 55 percent of the Dutch population located in areas prone to large-scale flooding, the Netherlands has vast experience in flood prevention and water management. ... the environmental sustainability of renewable energy depends on many aspects in the entire lifecycle of the system, and not just in greenhouse gases emissions at the point of electricity generation. 20,745 already enrolled! 2014; 37(3):235-50 (ISSN: 1550-5111) Huffling K; Schenk E. In acute care practice sites, the intensive care unit (ICU) is one of the most resource-intense environments. Salinity highly depresses the growth and, ). Rather than complex, customized projects, cities can begin getting insight from their data in a little more than a week. Although the interpretation of limited details has influenced microbial ecologists, the scope of methodological bias remains unfamiliar. According to Organization for Economic, ). The Chicxulub impact occurred during this warm event (about 100-150 k.y. Hence, the application of such potential products may enhance nutrient availability and Zn uptake in wheat under salt stress. Environmental change is one of the primary issues faced by the farming community. Waste management is an issue of grave concern in the modern urban scenario with the exponentially rising population. Home » Blog » Environmental & Global Sustainability Issues The rise of technological advancements and industrialization not only gave rise to our modern civilization, but it also gave rise to a wide range of environmental issues and global challenges. Amended fuels like biodiesel-diesel blends and etha-, ). Reduced pH, for instance alters the efficacy of fishes’ chemical receptors, leaving them less equipped to detect prey, predators and mates – raising the possibility of a powerful “death-by-celibacy” extinction mechanism. The cities of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Montpellier, France, are working with IBM to make data-driven decisions to rapidly transform the way they provide water, transportation and emergency management. Environmental Protection and Sustainability Uncover better solutions to help manage a wide range of environmental problems and challenges facing our world today. This new management system is helping address far-reaching concerns ranging from the quality of drinking water and the increasing frequency and impact of extreme weather-related events, to the risk not only of floods but also droughts. 6. Microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi can, ). Using weather modeling, advanced cloud imaging, and turbine and solar photovoltaic sensors combined with analytics, it can provide accurate estimates of 15-minute to one-month energy output projections. beneficial fungi in rhizoremediation Special Paper of the Geological Society of America. Sustainability has become an integral aspect of contemporary architectural design. These smart grids use sensors, meters, digital controls and analytic tools to automate, monitor and control the two-way flow of energy across operations—from power plant to plug. The crisis began in C29r (upper CF2 to lower CF1) with rapid global warming of 4°C in the oceans and 8°C on land, commonly attributed to Deccan phase 2 eruptions. The experiment was conducted in pots by applying urea granules after coating with BAZ, to evaluate its effects on wheat physiology, antioxidant activity, and productivity under saline (100 mM NaCl) and non-saline (0 mM NaCl) conditions. In fewer than 500 generations of growth in the presence of vitamin B 12, we observe the evolution of a B 12 -dependent clone that rapidly displaces its ancestor. Application of weeds and grasses for the rejuvenation of disturbed terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems The school integrates earth and environmental life science, ecology, engineering and technology, human ecology, humanities, and … A wide array of secondary metabolites such as osmoprotectants/compatible solutes, exopolysaccharides (EPS) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from HT-PGPR have been reported to play crucial roles in ameliorating salinity stress in plants and their symbiotic partners. They include overpopulation and urbanisation (which have multitude of effects), transportation in cities, … This sandstone complex, commonly interpreted as impact tsunami deposits of K-T boundary age, was deposited during climate cooling, low sea level, and intensified currents, leading to erosion of nearshore areas (including Chicxulub impact spherules), transport, and redeposition via submarine channels into deeper waters. To combat the problem of hidden hunger, there is, ). Production of antioxidants by PGPM mitigates, ). Creating long-term shareholder value while considering environmental, social and governance issues is not a new concept for drug companies. Sustainability – Challenges and solutions Several factors, which are interactive in nature, are affecting as well as threatening the existence of our planet Earth. The Partnership is also leveraging IBM SoftLayer® to manage data flows and automate irrigation recommendations, allowing farmers to determine how much water a specific crop needs at various stages of its life cycle. Climate chang. The maximum potassium solubilisation was measured at 30 °C and pH 7 with glucose as carbon source. Following are some of the most common solutions to the environmental issue: Replace disposal items with reusable items. Metagenomic analysis has recently identified, ). Mycorrhizal fungi and fertilizers have also been used, , glycine, trehalose, proline, glutamate), ex, ). Each domain draws upon engineers, natural and social scientists, designers, and arts & humanities to understand and address critical challenges. Environmental sustainability in the intensive care unit: challenges and solutions. Click for larger version. COD was purified 10.34 folds having specific activity of 12.37 U/mg with molecular mass of 54 kDa. The CO/CO2 ratio of the shock-induced gas species from calcite is measured to be 2.02±0.41, suggesting that gaseous CO has been dominant in the shock-induced gases in the Chicxulub impact. Lloyd Treinish, distinguished engineer & chief scientist, Solutions for Environmental Sustainability, Detecting large changes in water flow through real-time monitoring, Enabling engineers to assess real-time water supply at the click of a mouse, Bringing a degree of predictability and real-time controllability of water supply across the city and population. Solutions to Environmental Issues. Such an intense global warming could have damaged the biosphere in the mass extinction at the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–P) boundary. large igneous provinces vs. bolide impacts). The microbial biocontrol agents provide, ). Smarter energy use is critical for a sustainable energy future. 4. This talk will review and evaluate the environmental factors implicated in major episodes of species extinctions through time, and further explore the mechanisms that link these proximal killers to their ultimate drivers. The review documents prominent secondary metabolites from HT-PGPR and their role in modulating responses of plants to salinity stress. To minimize this crisis, possible green solutions like use of microbes and biotechnological tools are. The algorithm effectively learns from every new report and re-calculates the probability of each food that might be causing the illness. In this study, Pseudomonas putida BSP9 isolated from rhizosphere of Brassica juncea was investigated for its plant growth promoting and biosurfactant producing activities. We support the oil and gas industry across the entire spectrum of operations, delivering innovative solutions and helping clients to If reports are to be believed, owing to global w, ). Every water-related event is critical and can impact businesses, agriculture, and citizens' daily lives. The study assessed the extent of farmers’ vulnerability to environmental change in the semi-arid region of Nigeria. The research seeks to proffer a solution to farmers’ vulnerability to environmental change and promote Agricultural sustainability in the face of climate change in dryland areas. AZ6-augmented ZnO (BAZ). Click for larger version. By modeling weather events, the Netherlands can determine the best course of action, including storing water, diverting it from low-lying areas, and avoiding salt-water intrusion into drinking water, sewage overflows, and water contamination. Microbes with resistant genes are isolated and are, ). 2016 EDB National Economics Short Film Competition - Meridian Junior College [Circular Economy] Sustainability is a moderate but growing concern for the pharmaceutical industry. Water is one of the world's most abundant natural resources but it is also fast becoming one of the most stressed. Prospective students keen on pursuing postgraduate research relating to sustainability may want to enrol in NTU’s Asian School of the Environment.This interdisciplinary school is a world leader in environmental research focused on Asian environmental challenges. Home » Blog » Current Air Pollution Future Challenges & Solutions The majority of the population in the United States is aware of the dangers of air pollution. However, salt-tolerant Zn-solubilizing bacteria (ZSB) are capable of solubilizing fixed fractions of Zn and improving fertilizer use efficiency. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Cyanobacteria were the most abundant phyla, and Chelatococcus, Cyanobacteria, Sphingomonas, and Microvirga were a most abundant genus that contributed most in co-occurrence pattern, which suggests that these generalists are adapted to a variety of environments. Click for larger version. inoculated with ACC deaminase and IAA produc, sp. The World Bank estimates that global costs from leaky water pipes total $14 billion annually. While the Netherlands has one of the best-monitored water systems in the world and collects large amounts of data, relevant data can be difficult to find, and the data quality can be uncertain. In February 2014, IBM announced a 10-year, $100 million initiative to bring IBM Watson—our cognitive computing technology—and other systems to Africa. AZ6 was used for bioaugmentation on ZnO powder and termed as Bacillus sp. It integrates pre-computed retail data with geo-coded public health data to allow investigators to see the distribution of suspect foods and, selecting an area of the map, view public health case reports and lab reports from clinical encounters. strain P45 protects sunflowers seedlings from, L.) plant assisted with bacterial consortium and fertilizer, https ://weath er.com/scien ce/envir onmen. RSM-GA based optimization approach predicted that the combination of yeast extract, dextrose, starch and ammonium carbonate at concentrations 0.99, 0.8, 0.1, and 0.05 g/100 ml respectively, has resulted in 3.6 folds increase in COD production (5.41 U/ml) in comparison with the un-optimized medium (1.5 U/ml). A wide array of secondary metabolites such as osmoprotectants/compatible solutes, exopolysaccharides (EPS) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from HT-PGPR have been reported to play crucial roles in ameliorating salinity stress in plants and their symbiotic partners. The present economic system often rewards the most unsustainable practices, and by doing so, prolongs the pathology of the status quo, monopolizes resources, maintains the power structure, and decreases the opportunity for a new system to be designed and built tha… The forests have a great role in the countries national economy, and provides livelihood for the local people through fishing, tourism, wood and non-wood products. The application of these KSB strains significantly improved the shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight and chlorophyll contents of paddy plants grown under saline conditions. Thus, we investigated bacterial community composition in soil treated with phosphate-based inorganic and organic fertilizers, in the presence of Vicia faba plants at flowering and fruiting time using NGS 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In this direction, the literature on soil metagenomics and its usefulness is ever-increasing and so as its implementation experiences. IBM helps create a sustainable food supply. Our water infrastructure, in service for upwards of 100 years in many regions, is under pressure, to say the least. Here, we conduct direct measurements of the chemical composition (CO/CO2) of shock-induced gas species from calcite (CaCO3) using both a laser gun system and an isotopic labeling technique. In another, ) application of microbial bio-sorbents is used as a, ). Biotrickling filter is a common example of a biofil, ). The analysis, coupled with prediction algorithms allows the policy-makers to generate a waste profile specific to a residential grid. One of the central sustainability challenges of our time is how to achieve food security for a population anticipated to exceed nine billion by 2050 while minimizing further environmental degradation. One example: Cities are “systems of systems”—with separate but interconnected challenges. 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