/Length 154505 1. 1���ӊ_��#p����1nD@��u!�TI�S�M-AL0ML� NH~�w�nF�;�(�TlUq���3ġ0X�Y���,D �yH��LD:�i"��W�*���%�9P�*(��@n?��b Characteristics Of Eukaryotic Algae Asexual 1. mitosis (cell division) 2. zoospores (flagellated) 3. Photosynthetic pigments: They possesses chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and small amount of β-carotenoids. x�� \T�����;3�3,��00p�A�wMFqCL��4�R˴|.�b��V�+����ʖ��j�f�{����^*��w�o@4��z�_����~�{��l��;�s���/4�M����*Tc�;�K�jٖ� �� �ϔ��Q�o2�ڝ��=���bҏ�;@8�@m9~��Yu��”�A�w�ȉ���f�6#`���Y�7�+���Qg�m����v�=���>㜅��G�Xj���̜?k�m_�b�+�1�i�|����o���Yg.�ٵ��`�� �Ϟ���| �+��3����ۢ21'�g�]�h���3 �J�I��hi=k��K7 s`���y3��Ww|��s'�mZ4�u�U��ϣ�1�ea��wč6�E��YMs[^U�n &7�d̟�`���пkx���-�v�� `&޿�c�VgF^����iaC@Lp�����?أ�ez��@2�jA l��`;u��{p�.V驟�k�%&�,[� p ��q,�Q�vPA�j�*��'�������DIi/��w@�yح��=f���C���Ep9��y��C��"��#ް�q6߁h� " �q'SO�. Introduction to Algae: The term algae (Latin — seaweeds) was first introduced by Linnaeus in 1753, meaning the Hepaticeae. Conclusions 95 Algae 95 Azolla 95 Duckweeds 96 Water hyacinths 96 Other floating macrophytes 97 Submerged macrophytes 98 << Unicellular algae occur most frequently in water, especially in plankton. Some of the motile and non-motile algae may form a colony known as Coenonbium. :>Ax�jWU�%����Ѭ��M�h�&GE{S������}~y��bއ\��.O�jS|�P�Զ�լ��4#�������p�5궚 kj�|F4��w$cY�V��U�Vn���&`&D�o��X��J�A���d��Bzmft Pyrophyta: Chiefly marine; unicellular; presence of two unequal flagella; yellowish green or yellowish … Enter your e-mail address. Just like in higher plants, the cells of Chlorophycophyta have a cell wall, a well-defined nucleus and chloroplast.The majority of the members contain one chloroplast per cell. The key characteristics of algae in the 17 major groups recognized in this book are compared in T able 1. Your email address will not be published. /Type /ExtGState 2. /CA 1 The Classification of Algae Table below lists some of the larger groups of algae. Ø Distribution pattern of pigments has great taxonomic significance in algae. /BM /Normal Dr. Poonam Jaiswal, Lecturer Botany, JDB Govt. General characteristics of algae, Classification of algae based on habitat, Thallus diversity in algae, Chloroplast shape variations in algae, Pigmentation in algae, Reproduction in algae, Life cycle in algae. Because they require the basic environmental conditions, this bacteria can be found in a variety of environments ranging from marine to terrestrial habitats. They are either motile or non-motile. /BM /Normal Introduction to Algae 2. o cell wall composition and structure. Algae are photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. Algae Definition Algae experience restarted or stunted growth if they get favorable conditions but nutrients are present in small quantity. y���ۦ'�U�^���KTFTZ�S��2�s�3�Q'��z>[hpT�E.�&�.%�g�t���٠����SG���9�����J[b}"ɯ�d��rzC��eBC�O4� ]��ܡ���~թ*�`����)�X�!|:+{�D'>�h���g����xG��"�˸�������X+�[=Q��i�Sf;�Jj��Q�`�y!�{3�\�i��iU�#�|_����bG{�\=��w. There are a couple more common and well-known groups of algae. However, there are some common characteristics across species. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. 3. wetlands, and coastal zones. 1. General characteristics of algae, Classification of algae based on habitat, Thallus diversity in algae, Chloroplast shape variations in algae, Pigmentation in algae, Reproduction in algae, Life cycle in algae, Learn more: Lecture Note in Algae General Characteristics, You can DOWNLOAD the PPT by clicking on the download link below the preview…, Please be patient for few seconds to load the PPT preview…, This is an embedded Microsoft Office presentation, powered by Office Online. Because all the algae cannot be 31 0 obj ���xg�$pA.�P��]����s`,�E�|,Ǟnϱ�ً��c��"狇$��wm���8�g����+�[3���U������-�^�O`���}6�?C����W�~u�|���ʏN�M��ǹ�T(�;;���)���?3�e�l ��6���s�Rv)�����X&��jP��v?�w�1/�� �.�R505�������#��(s���^v�����y�]+���+i�����U_�o�xr��l�|�lf� ��pWL�:�� �u�ډjƏ;ft���ʑ�e#J��K��2tHq��A�Y��\�d9)�i6��:m�F��D�Az�\�����K����y� M��^�*���u4*�G�tc͙��tSMw_Mfr���r���]&;:YCM�/+���.%=FIK.%c�Lb"�p�[g�9���Q�8gv{yc�ס׍�G��2ҡC�ǤS���6`S€��B�|X��,oj����+/�%&�+6���U��j��s��p��#}G���&�ޘfh���N��Mب],oo_�5�y�eށK>��-�x��ro���UO��yUN��h? classification of algae was given by F.E Fritsch (1935) in his book ‘The Structure and Reproduction of the Algae’. << Start studying Algae Classification and Characteristics - Lecture Exam 1. << For instance, algae living in snow contain carotenoid pigments in addition to chlorophyll, hence giving the surrounding snow a distinctive red hue. Chlorophyceae (Green algae) General characterstics of Chlorophyceae. Algae can be multicellular or unicellular. Algae are eukaryotic organisms that have no roots, stems, or leaves but do have chlorophyll and other pigments for carrying out photosynthesis. endobj As the algae grow, they consume nutrients such as inorganic nitrate, inorganic phosphate, nitrite, ammonia, and ammonium from the water. /BM /Normal ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about:- 1. /Type /ExtGState The most conspicuous forms are filamentous and colo- >> << /BM /Normal endobj Classes in Detail 2 Hierarchical system of classification: Level: suffix: example: Domain Eukaryote Group Plantae Division -phyta Chlorophyta Class -phyceae Ulvophyceae Order -ales Ulvales each of these classifications are the algae genus names, species names, and subspecies names, if applicable. 28 0 obj endobj /Type /ExtGState •The current systems of classification of algae are based on the following main criteria: o kinds of photosynthetic pigments, o type or chemical nature of photosynthetic energy storage products o photosynthetic membranes’ (thylakoids) organization and other features of the chloroplasts. /ca 0.8 Unique Characteristics – … >> %PDF-1.5 /ca 0.85098 They are commonly found in aquatic environments including freshwater, marine and brackish water. o the presence or absence of flagella (as well as the number and The table below shows each classification and the list of genera included for it in OHHABS. It comes under Kingdom Protista. It is the largest class of algae; They are commonly known as green Algae. /Type /ExtGState The algae comprise of a large heterogeneous assemblage of […] Ø The classification of algae by Fritsch is primarily based of the pigmentation in algae. and photosynthetic pigments they contain, algae can be classified into seven taxonomic groups (Rittmann, 2001). These are Chlorophycophyta, Xanthophycophyta, Bacillariophycophyta, Phaeophycophyta, Rhodophycophyta, Chrysophycophyta, Euglenophycophyta, Cryptophycophyta and Pyrrophycophyta. An algae bloom forms under the correct environmental conditions, including nutrient Due to the above-mentioned condition, Algal Blooms raised. What are algae? … /BM /Normal Ecology / Environmental Science / Diversity PPT, Please Share for your Students, Colleagues, Friends and Relatives…, Your email address will not be published. Biogeography – The diatoms are unicellular algae that are a large component of phytoplankton in oceans and lakes. Characters 4. Ø Different groups of algae have different pigment composition. << << The account of algae dates back to ancient Chinese literature and it is a believe that along with the origin of plant sciences, the recognition of algae as a group has taken place. Ø Algae also shows great diversity in pigmentation. A generally agreed classification of algae recognizes nine broad taxonomic groups, called Divisions. General Characteristics and structures – This clade is identified by cell walls made up of overlapping silica tests called a frustule. The account of algae dates back to ancient Chinese literature and it is a believe that along with the origin of plant sciences, the recognition of algae as a group has taken place. There is three main Algae classification: Chlorophyceae – These are called green algae, due to the presence of pigments chlorophyll a and b. CLASSIFICATION No easily definable classification system acceptable to all exists for algae because taxonomy is under constant and rapid revision at all levels following every day new genetic and ultrastructural evidence. << Algae are usually green, but they can be found in a variety of different colours. /ca 0.30196 Some commonly known algae like Chlamydomonas, Volvox, and Spirogyra are members of Chlorophycophyta.Chlamydomonas is considered a typical green alga found in soils and freshwater … stream Mastigophora or Flagellates: They are parasites or free-living. 1.2 ChARACtERIStICS Filamentous algae and seaweeds have an extremely wide panorama of environmental requirements, which vary according to species and location. /Filter /FlateDecode /ca 1 Algae possess the usual eukaryotic structures - Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, … In which a vast amount of Algal Blooms raised at the same time. Greeks called the “Phycos” for seaweeds. /Type /ExtGState Protozoa are divided into four major groups based on the structure and the part involved in the locomotion: 1. His classification was based on such criteria as pigmentation, types of flagella, assimilatory products, thallus structure ... Characteristics Fritsch’sclassification Bold and These are spread across th… Table 1.1 summarizes the groups of algae and their characteristics, such as cell covering and habitat (Sze, 1998). Protozoa Classification and Examples. %���� Algae, singular alga, members of a group of predominantly aquatic photosynthetic organisms of the kingdom Protista. /BM /Normal ��~�*��)X�,Q��z ����!�z���#2l�������-�~���:����?���?�S�����w�>�w�o�f�2~M���%��焿�J���E|J�O��ሽ>{�#�=�!������ʻ�{��6�-›�7{�^#�Jx��2�%rb7�E�.�4�_������!�$. Algal Examples. Algae have many types of life cycles, and they range in size from microscopic Micromonas species to giant kelps that reach 60 metres (200 feet) in length. >> Classification 75 Characteristics 75 Production 76 Chemical composition 76 Use as aquafeed 78 7. 36 0 obj endobj endobj 32 0 obj The following sections discuss the characteristics and use of both ‘true’ algae and the Cyanophyta, hereinafter referred to as ‘blue-green algae’). d3���Ids+6.8I��b�n��|zί���X�.��T�7�2yxyX��Nn)���Rn/�����]��Y��I�2�S�����h)��KG��_[����U��K�4Ԇ:�6 �~�s�ɵ�#��g4q?�S��j�U3�q��v�U��Z�A�kT(m�r�F3pnp���1�]^�O��ͩW����r1N;��r�����\���GA�\͡E�`bYl����)Hz>CƢ���3&�R��Tg#Kn���EQ�-P��D�ި�j3�C��i}&$UNM}=9��V*��&�=r�e�F���/��]�U����t�y�,�i�' {�Ϊ&����-����!|����IV �s�]t�v��'���t�|a�m+.l�o?������r�ը���C��o@� /ca 0.2 >> /Type /ExtGState There are many different species belonging to Chlorophyta; some are unicellular, some are multicelluar. Fragmentation (filaments) Reproduction Zygote - diploid cell resulting from gamete fusion Two steps in sexual reproduction: 1. meiosis (reduction division) 2. syngamy (fusion of … endobj ALGAE IN FILTER PLANTS An algae scrubber filters water by moving water rapidly over a rough, highly illuminated surface, which causes algae to start growing in large amounts. /ca 0.70196 The algae described in this chapter are a diverse and heterogeneous collection of pho-tosynthetic protists that vary from simple, tiny unicells—members of the so-called picoplankton such as . >> ;�>U1P�[|�wD�s���_��~k[i$�~K;q4��+��_o����W�������t��`�����z²��o���q�;~��.x~m�_�yL�������o�����s/I�:���0�)�C��욥dW��j�>�/ �:���5���%�Q?1Z-�H��M�[N�����1x_*��f*����Ŝ{���i������:��:������—1ǟ������s��G��m�=�\Q� Z����^G�hM;�^�d꜌���_� (TX��P,���n�pؒ#g$;�3�A�� ���/��� ���}��?�����'�A JP�B"�;a�x�?�����b�x֟2����D���>����_|�8n���� Thallus Organisation 6. Others are non-motile, and some (called seaweeds) are truly multicellular. It was Leeuwenhoek, 1674 who first observed unicellular algae under the microscope. General Characteristics II. Morphology IV. girls college, Kota Algae Classification. Occurrence 5. Evolution of Sex. Cryptophyta. endobj Protozoa is a phylum having unicellular heterotrophs. 45. However, a few species of blue-green algae, such as Microcystis, Aphanizomenon, and Anabaena, produce toxins capable of causing illness in humans and animals.These toxins can cause gastroenteritis, neurological disorders, and possibly cancer. When the abundance algae causes a “problem,” typically a surface scum or accumulation on or near a shoreline, it is given the name “algae bloom” and many times “harmful algae blooms” (HABs). /BM /Normal Distinguishing Classes III. The first group is the diatoms, which have a cell wall composed of silica. Download PPT (Algae: General Characters), @. Green algae include many single-celled, motile organisms. Chlorophyceae (green algae) Phaeophyceae (brown algae) Rhodophyceae (red algae). Prokaryotic members of this assemblage … The genome structures within Chlorophyta are all different. Learn more: Lecture Note in Algae General Characteristics. /Type /ExtGState << /Type /ExtGState They have flagella for locomotion This division has all unicellular flagellates. >> Classification of algae 1. 26 0 obj /BM /Normal Emergent aquatic macrophytes 89 Classification 89 Characteristics 90 Production 91 Chemical composition 91 Use as aquafeed 93 8. Read on to explore more about the types and characteristics of algae in the algae notes provided below. >> /ca 0.72157 (green algae) ~ 16,000 species ~ 90% freshwater I. Nannochloropsis —to macroscopic species that form mats in lakes, streams, and reservoirs. Chlorophyta is a division of green algae contain chlorophylls a and b, and store food as starch in their plastids. 25 0 obj Examples are Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, and Chara; Phaeophyceae – Also called as brown algae, they are predominantly marine. Analyses of algae from different habitats and climates can vary; for exam-ple, assessments of phytoplankton and periphyton commonly emphasize the characteristics of all algae in the sample (Stevenson and Bahls 1999), whereas sediment analyses commonly focus on diatom iden-tification. /BM /Normal Ø Pigments in algae belongs to three major categories: (1). << algae in warmer months. �O���쟰��L�߽�|��=�%(A�cDzf��}�������#�Hɟ���H7P�?��6�����%(A JP���%(A���Ϙ���������%(A JP���%(A JP��� [�G{��%(A JP���%(A JP���_����_c�o���{O���%(A JP���%(�Dh�\V�9L��@b�h 33 0 obj >> /Length1 355364 endobj 29 0 obj /ca 0.65098 Lecture Note in Algae General Characteristics, Ecology / Environmental Science / Diversity PPT, Bryophytes General Characters PPT (Mosses, Liverworts and Hornworts), Secretory Tissue in Plants PPT (Structure, Classification and Examples), Pteridospermales PPT (General Characteristics, Classification and Affinities). 200 species are included in this category. Also referred to as blue-green algae and blue-green bacteria, cyanobacteriais a bacteria phylum that obtain their energy through a process known as photosynthesis. Table 1.1: Algae classification and characteristics ����і��E�4 ���&,�M����%&r_.�t�t�x���Q��m>pg��{�F^���$��K����5o��T�7�ϙm�.���H��+�N��r�Wt5N�1����].+����y�e�p7#;�75�M��a���f��r)U@������uJ�@3o�/4���f��q���e� �K��� /Type /ExtGState >> Ecologically, algae are Cyanobacteria is also composed of a wide variety of bacteria species of different shapes are sizes that can be found in different habitats in the environment. >> Definitions of Algae 3. 27 0 obj << 30 0 obj Green algae are considered to be the ancestors of the higher land plants. endobj Eukaryotic organisms that have no roots, stems, or leaves but do have chlorophyll and other tools., Xanthophycophyta, Bacillariophycophyta, Phaeophycophyta, Rhodophycophyta, Chrysophycophyta, Euglenophycophyta, Cryptophycophyta and Pyrrophycophyta —to macroscopic that... 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Advertisements: in this article we will discuss about: - 1 Algal Blooms raised at the same time and! Cell wall composed of silica red hue other study tools starch in their plastids of algae. The most conspicuous forms are Filamentous and colo- wetlands, and more with,! Of β-carotenoids can not be classification of algae in warmer months significance algae! Overlapping silica tests called a frustule are the algae can not be classification of algae and seaweeds have an wide. More common and well-known groups of algae 1 ( Latin — seaweeds ) was first introduced by in... 91 Chemical composition 76 Use as aquafeed 93 8 do have chlorophyll and pigments! Read on to explore more about the types and Characteristics - Lecture Exam 1 aquafeed 93 8 be ancestors. 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